金 — “CSL” Computers as a Second Language
金 — “CSL” Computers as a Second Language
1843 — Ada Lovelass publishes Notes on Babbage’s Analytical Engine
1847 — Boolean Algebra
Alan Turing: Background -
1937 — Alan Turing: “On Computable Numbers”
https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~robins/Turing_Paper_1936.pdf
Claude Shannon: Background
(https://www.nyu.edu/pages/linguistics/courses/v610003/shan.html)
1937 — Claude Shannon: A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits. (http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/11173)
1945 — Vannevar Bush: “as We May Think” https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/
1945 — Vannevar Bush “Science, The Endless Frontier” https://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/nsf50/vbush1945.htm
1945 — John von Neumann “The First Draft Report on the EDVAC”
We have to discuss Nuclear Weapons here as Computation and Nuclear Weapons are bound up with each other almost like Hope at the bottom of Pandora’s Box. (Hope -Elpis — https://www.theoi.com/Daimon/Elpis.html I could probably tie in my own work on visualization magick. 2010 — Jack McNally: (http://www.erenlai.com/en/focus/2010-focus/matteo-ricci/item/3562-matteo-ricci-an-excursion.html)
Norbert Weiner — Cybernetics
1946, March (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Self-regulating and teleological mechanisms
- Simulated neural networks emulating the calculus of propositional logic
- Anthropology and how computers might learn how to learn
- Object perception’s feedback mechanisms
- Perceptual differences due to brain damage
- Deriving ethics from science
- Compulsive repetitive behavior
1946, October (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Teleological mechanisms in society
- Concepts from Gestalt psychology
- Tactile and chemical communications among ant soldiers
1947, March (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
1947, October (NYC)MACY CONFERENCES ON
CYBERNETICS
- The field perspective on psychology
- Analog vs. digital approaches to psychological models
1948 — Claude Shannon: A Mathematical Theory of Communication http://math.harvard.edu/~ctm/home/text/others/shannon/entropy/entropy.pdf
1948, Spring (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Formation of “I” in language
- Formal modeling applied to chicken pecking order formation
1949, March (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Are the number of neurons and their connections sufficient to account for human capacities?
- Memory
- An appeal for collaboration between physics and psychology
1950, March (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Analog vs. digital interpretations of the mind
- Language and Shannon’s information theory
- Language, symbols and neurosis
- Intelligibility in speech communications
- A formal analysis of semantic redundancy in printed English
1951, March (NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Information as semantic
- Can automatons engage in deductive logic?
- Decision theory
- Small group dynamics and group communications
- The applicability of game theory to psychic motivations
- The type of language needed to analyze language
- Mere behavior vs. true communication
- Is psychiatry scientific?
- Can a mental event that creates a memory ever be unconscious?
1952, March ((NYC) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- The relation of neurophysiological details to broad issues in philosophy and epistemology
- The relation of cybernetics at the microlevel to biochemical and cellular processes
- The complexity of organisms as a function of information
- Humor, communication, and paradox
- Do chess playing automatons need randomness to defeat humans?
- Homeostasis and learning
1953, April (Princeton) MACY CONFERENCES ON CYBERNETICS
- Studies on the activity of the brain[25]
- Semantic information and its measures[25]
- Meaning in language and how its acquired[25]
- How neural mechanisms can recognize shapes and musical chords
- What consensus, if any, the Macy Conferences have arrived at
Howl
Naked Lunch
On The Road
1960 — JCR Licklider: “Man-Computer Symbiosis” (http://worrydream.com/refs/Licklider%20-%20Man-Computer%20Symbiosis.pdf)
1962 — Douglas Englebart: “Augmenting Human Intellect”
http://dougengelbart.org/content/view/138
Three communities in NoCal SF Bay Area — The Hippies — Ken Kesey
The New Left — Tom Hayden The Whole Earth Communalists
1962 — Ken Kesey: One Flew Over the Cuckoos’s Nest (https://www.amazon.com/One-Flew-Over-Cuckoos-Nest/dp/0451163966)
1967 Richard Brautigan “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace”
I like to think (and
the sooner the better!)
of a cybernetic meadow
where mammals and computers
live together in mutually
programming harmony
like pure water
touching clear sky.
I like to think
(right now, please!)
of a cybernetic forest
filled with pines and electronics
where deer stroll peacefully
past computers
as if they were flowers
with spinning blossoms.
I like to think
(it has to be!)
of a cybernetic ecology
where we are free of our labors
and joined back to nature,
returned to our mammal
brothers and sisters,
and all watched over
by machines of loving grace.
Adam Curtis, Film Maker: (Same guy who did that doc about Freedom )
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_Watched_Over_by_Machines_of_Loving_Grace_(TV_series)
1968 — Tom Wolfe: Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test (https://www.amazon.com/Electric-Kool-Aid-Acid-Test/dp/031242759X)
Stewart Brand’s Trips Festival
1968 Whole Earth Catalog (http://www.wholeearth.com/history-whole-earth-catalog.php)
Buckminster Fuller — “Our perception that the world is flat and stretches indefinitely, rather than round and small, is because we have never seen it from outer space.”
1970 — Charles Reich: “The Greening of America”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Greening_of_America
1971 — Powell Manifesto https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/democracy/the-lewis-powell-memo-a-corporate-blueprint-to-dominate-democracy/
The Powell Memo is a reaction to this.
1972 — Gregory Bateson: Steps to an Ecology of Mind (https://www.amazon.com/Steps-Ecology-Mind-Anthropology-Epistemology/dp/0226039056/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=Gregory+Bateson&qid=1552376090&s=books&sr=1-2)
1973 — Packet Switching
1979 — Gregory Bateson: Mind and Nature (https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Nature-Necessary-Advances-Complexity/dp/1572734345/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=Gregory+Bateson&qid=1552376090&s=books&sr=1-1)
1995 — Stewart Brand: “We owe it all to the Hippies” http://members.aye.net/~hippie/hippie/special_.htm
“Power to the people was a romantic lie. Computers did more than politics to change society.”
1995 — Stewart Brand: “We owe it all to the Hippies” http://members.aye.net/~hippie/hippie/special_.htm
1991 — Manuel Delanda: War in the Age of Intelligent Machines (https://www.amazon.com/War-Intelligent-Machines-Manuel-Landa/dp/0942299752)
1992 — M. Mitchell Waldrop: Complexity (https://www.amazon.com/COMPLEXITY-EMERGING-SCIENCE-ORDER-CHAOS/dp/0671872346/ref=sr_1_fkmrnull_1?keywords=M.+Mitchell+Waldrop+-+Complexity&qid=1552377371&s=books&sr=1-1-fkmrnull)
1995 — Kevin Kelly: Out of Control (https://www.amazon.com/Out-Control-Biology-Machines-Economic/dp/0201483408/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2FBCTGEUJS361&keywords=kevin+kelly+out+of+control&qid=1552376044&s=books&sprefix=Kevin+Kell%2Cstripbooks%2C155&sr=1-1-catcorr)
2000 — Manuel Delanda: 1000 Years of Nonlinear History (https://www.amazon.com/Thousand-Years-Nonlinear-History/dp/0942299329/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_14_t_0?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=Y4FA6X0X7TZ5XW7B4KHF)
2008 — Fred Turner: From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism,
https://www.amazon.com/Counterculture-Cyberculture-Stewart-Network-Utopianism/dp/0226817423
2013 “We wanted there to be personal computers so that we could free ourselves from the constraints of institutions, whether government or corporate. [EDIT: “OR RELIGIOUS.” MAIJAX]” Lee Felsenstein
https://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2011/12/03/more-than-just-digital-quilting
Incorporate
Giles Deleuze
Benoit Mandelbrot
Rene Thom
John Boyd
Optional Project- how does the history of Cognitive Psychology attach to this?
Optional Project — How does Tom Hayden of the Port Huron Statement of the SDS attach to this?
Optional Project — how does Liberation Theology attach to this?
Optional Project — How does Fenianism attach to this?
Optional Project — how does Vatican II attach to this?
